What I Learned About Apa Format Through Watching The Apa...

Abstract This paper deals with what I learned about APA format through watching the APA Exposed Tutorial. It also shows concrete strategies as to how I will implement the guidelines in my work in Project Management course. For this, I picked up two newspaper items that are qualified as projects. These are chosen based on specific standard and guide that I have learned about project management during the classes. A brief analysis was made for two news items on the basis of qualification as projects. In a similar approach, to specifically analyze one of the newspaper articles, this paper tries to explore an overview which includes major deliverables, significant milestones, limits or exclusions to the scope, major stakeholders and concerns each stakeholder might bring up in a scope review meeting. Key words: APA 6, Project, Project Management, Deliverables, Milestones, Scope, Stakeholder What I Learned About APA 6 Tutorial I get the opportunity to reflect the APA tutorial. Most of all, I really would like to express my sincere gratitude to professor Chester Lang for great help and enthusiasm for class. In the course of reviewing APA tutorial, I got an inspiring motivation for what the academic writing is, how we should write research paper and why using APA format is so important in graduate-level writing. Basically, this tutorial consists of 4 concrete contents of each module. Module 1 shows APA formatting basics. With module 2, it explores Citing Sources. In

Analysis Of Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper - 1977 Words

In Gilman’s story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, she points out the societal norms for women and the injustice they faced when it came to the societal expectations of women and the treatment from their husbands. Gilman’s main character progresses from being mentally ill to mentally insane, all because of The story begins with the main character, who is sick, yet we’re not given an explanation to what her illness is. Her husband and her brother, who are both doctors, give a diagnosis of â€Å"slight hysterical tendency† which is a result of her writing or her work. Their prognosis is that she should stay in a room, without any creative outlet and eventually the nervousness would go away. They discourage her work because they believe it is helping create her nervous condition. She is being abused mentally, because she’s not getting the correct treatment she deserves, yet because she is a woman her husband doesn’t take the time to correctly diagnose her. He just writes it off as being hysteric. â€Å"Though the characters of the â€Å"rational† doctor and the imaginative wife, Gilman explores a question that was- and in many ways still is- central both to American Literature and to the place of women in American culture: What happens to the imaginatio n when it’s defined as feminine (and thus weak) and has to face a society that values the useful and the practical and rejects anything else as nonsense?(Shumaker)† Her imagination was seen as something that created a weakness in her, one that made herShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper867 Words   |  4 PagesGilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper follows a woman’s repressed life and her spiral into insanity. The story follows an unnamed narrator who battles depression but strives to write and be creative. Though her illness can be cured, she struggles against her husband that feels the stimulus is not conducive with the treatment for her illness. Though it can be argued within this modern age that the inability to express ones creativity can propagate insanity, the Victorian gender roles were clear that the manRead MoreAnalysis Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper 1047 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Niemann PY.260.115.05: Humanities Core I 11/22/15 Niemann I What lies beneath â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Written in 1892, Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story that explores the mind of a woman who is driven to insanity by her surrounding environment. This woman, who narrates her experiences in a journal, begins by marveling at the grandeur of the estate her husband has taken for their summer vacation. Her feeling that there is â€Å"something queer† (307) about the situationRead MoreAnalysis Of Charlotte Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper 1517 Words   |  7 PagesGender Role in The Yellow Wallpaper In Charlotte Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Jane is driven insane when the neurasthenia rest cure is given to he by her husband and physician, John. The rest cure was created by Dr. Weir Mitchell targeted towards women who displayed symptoms of neurasthenia,†a psychological disorder marked especially by easy fatigability and often by lack of motivation, [and] feelings of inadequacy†(Merriam- Webster). Jane is forbidden to work and write. She is told to not overexertRead MoreAn Analysis Of Charlotte Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesPublished in 1892, Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† may be approached as an American example of the female Gothic, a literary genre pioneered by English writers such as Horace Walpole and Ann Radcliffe. According to the book â€Å"Loving with a Vengeance: Mass Produced Fantasies for Women,† author Tania Modleski points out that texts belonging to this genre typically focus on female protagonists who find themselves in romantic relationships with men that eventually come to oppress themRead MoreAnalysis Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper 839 Words   |  4 PagesShaquan Chavis 17 November, 2015 English 110 Professor. Cia Kessler Essay #4: Infantilization inside of the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† The way woman were treated in the late 1800’s is totally different than today. At that time woman and men were not equal to each other. Women were confined to particular roles. The men usually played the dominant role which led women to just listen and follow their spouse. During that time woman were at the bottom of the social class. The regular household consistedRead MoreAnalysis Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper 2536 Words   |  11 PagesPaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman took a leap of faith while writing one of the most notorious stories of her time. The era in which it was written was a time where women were frowned upon for voicing their opinions. Women’s roles in society have evolved over a course of many years. Jobs, social standings, and other rights have not always come easy like they do today. Women were not treated as equals. Gilman’s voice is undoubtedly heard in her story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, writing about a woman drivenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Of An Hour And Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper908 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† are two short stories that share similar themes and ideas. The authors’ use of point of view, symbolism, and imagery are different but still convey the same basic idea. Both stories cover the theme of marriage and share the idea that marri age is oppressive. The stories focus on two wives desperate to break from the control of their husbands. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† the woman’s husband is a doctor therefore he believes heRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Hills Like White Elephants And Charlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper 1633 Words   |  7 Pages In comparison with Ernest Hemingwayn’s â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, both female’s thoughts and feelings are oppressed under the constant weight of their male supplements. With this being the case, are women truly happy with whom they are choosing to spend the rest of their lives? In both Hemingway and Gilman’s short stories, the females are both being portrayed as characters who capitulate to the demands of their male-orientated significantRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1271 Words   |  6 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman, author of the novel entitled, The Yellow Wallpaper significantly used the aspects of literature such as genre, stance, and register to express the social message concerning the sufferings that women undergo in their daily affairs. However, most of the females do not have control over the challenges that develop in their surroundings. Gilman also uses the book to entertain the society members thus providing relief to the readers. In essence, the author of the novel aboveRead MoreEffects Of Repressing The Yellow Wallpaper 1520 Words   |  7 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper In her story, The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman expresses exasperation towards the separate male and female roles expected of her society, and the evident repressed rights of a woman versus the active duties of a man. The story depicts the methods taken to cure a woman of her psychological state during Gilman’s time, and delineates the dominant cure of the time period, â€Å"the resting cure,† which encouraged the restraint of the imagination (The Yellow Wallpaper: Looking

How the Hashatg trend changes TV Free Essays

The coffee machine In the office used to be the place where people gathered to talk about the TV shows they had watched the night before. Nowadays watching television Isn’t Just about enjoying your favorite program on the sofa. 95% of the public social conversation around Film and Television happens on Twitter and other social networks. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Hashatg trend changes TV or any similar topic only for you Order Now People exchange with other fans and viewers, share their opinions and engage with each other via Twitter, Mainstream, Faceable and co. Studies have shown that especially the younger audience watches television with two eyes on the screen and a third on the smartened or computer. This â€Å"second-screen-trend† has started a new movement of advertising, targeting specifically this younger audiences and open up a whole new market of advertising on Television. Many brands have already connected their Twitter accounts with TV advertising, using washrags. This leads us to the question: How does the washrag-trend change marketing and advertising In the TV and Media landscape? In this essay I will discuss the use of washrags as a marketing tool In the film and television Industry and how this new trend might Impact on my future career goals as a writer In the television Industry. One might catch himself asking, â€Å"What an earth is a washrag? â€Å". The washrag symbol (#) is mainly found on social networks like Twitter, Mainstream and Pinsetters and quite recently Faceable joined the circle of washrag users. A washrag symbol is used to unite specific tweets, photos, posts etc. About particular topics. It’s a way of organizing or grouping those posts. Washrags can help users on Twitter and Mainstream to find topics that are similar to their own posts or interests. However, the Washrag is also a very economical but effective marketing tool. The marketers of big rims and companies can track the washrag routine of social network users undo create trends to boost their own companies. The washrag makes it possible for them to research popular trends on Twitter and how many messages were sent regarding a specific washrag wealth a particular time frame. It can also be used to boost your visibility on social networks. If enough Individuals promote a washrag It will â€Å"trend† and attract more social network users. Ever since 2010 the most popular washrags at any given moment have been displayed on the front page of Twitter as â€Å"Trending Topics†. Simply put, washrags are a great way to organize Tweets, posts and photos but it is also very beneficial way of advertising a company, show or new products. Furthermore, television networks have been quick to notice the power of the washrag by displaying it in the bottom corner of the screen during a show or putting it in the end of a commercial. These types of washrags are called â€Å"branded washrags† as opposed to â€Å"organic washrags† which are started by fans or non – professional twitter users. Branded washrags can, for instance, serve as a tool of creating hype around an upcoming episode of a TV show, event or film and stir up a conversation between fans. Then, the washrag Is usually the name of the program or the topic that Is discussed. It seems as if the washrag had been around forever, however Twitter joined the clan quite recently in 2013. But even though the Washrag is a fairly new trend it has already completely changed the way TV shows and Films are advertised. Only a couple of years ago, a new show or a new movie would be mainly promoted by the star of the film, by attending red carpet events or making an appearance on a popular talk show to spread the word about their newest movie. Professionally made posters and trailers could be seen on television or your local bus stop. Whilst those techniques are still used, the posters or the trailers would now feature a little washrag symbol in the corner. Of course, a famous actor can still promote a new movie, but generally speaking, the marketing nowadays happens on Twitter and social networks, where fans are spreading the word of a new film or TV show by using the washrag. This has opened up a way to connect Television and social media and overall, the way of advertising has become much more interactive, meaning the audience plays a key role in the process. This is clearly visible in interactive shows, such as talk shows, live sport events or big gala events like the Golden globes or the Academy Awards. Here, the washrag is not only an active way of engaging the viewers but also a possibility to ask questions and get in touch with the makers or stars of the show. Some shows, such as â€Å"Project Runway’, even give each contestant their own washrag for voting purposes. Likewise, the BBC family drama â€Å"Pretty Little Liars† gives a good example of the interactive usage of washrags between fans and the cast and rioters of the show. This might be partly due to the young age of the target audience, who are in their teens and mostly communicate with their friends via Faceable and Twitter. The series revolves around the mystery of a girl’s disappearance and when asked, the series creator / show runner l. Marlene King hints at future story developments based on which the audience can attempt to solve the mystery. These are Just some of many shows that are successfully using the washrag for marketing purposes. For professionals working in marketing this means, in order to built a brand they will eve to create a campaign specific washrag in order to attract people on twitter to talk about their product, raise awareness and engage the target audience, as well as following current washrag trends in order to make their content relevant to trending topics. While the star of the show or film still plays an important role in the promotion process, the real marketing happens through the fans and social network users. The physical advertisement, such as posters has to big parts been replaced with the much more economical and at least as efficient advertisement through social networks, using washrags. This means the target audience who is spreading the word of a new show, movie or product all over the World Wide Web, became a key role in modern advertising. Therefore, the audience becomes more and more influential and even manages to reach out to big production companies and media groups. A good example for how powerful the audience’s impact really is, is the NBC show â€Å"Community’ which has been facing a constant threat of cancellation. In an attempt to safe the show, the show runners inserted the washrag † #Accommodativeness † at the end of the season three finale and started a campaign to safe the show. The fans picked up the washrag quickly and as NBC noticed the trending washrag and how much attention the show had been given, influential the users of social networks are if it comes to marketing, but also that washrags can be a inexpensive or even free marketing tool. This leads me to my next point. How much does the washrag trend and the second – screen – trend influences me as an independent filmmaker and writer and how can I use the trend to my advantage? As an independent filmmaker it would be hard to run a professionally organized campaign in order to promote a new project, since there is usually no budget for advertising placements on television, posters or even professionally designed campaigns. For me, social media represents a free or affordable alternative to promote my projects. The washrag is a no budget film- marketing tool that can boost my appearance on the Internet. The more creative the washrag, the more successful the self-initiated campaign can be. Many â€Å"No Names† on Twitter have more followers than some celebrities. This proves that social media platforms such as Twitter are a great way to market your brand, film or product. Furthermore, from a writer’s point of view, who would ideally like to work in television, it is always useful to keep an eye on marketing trends while writing an episode. This way, the writer can already think of â€Å"washables puns† in the show or tastiness that could be used for washrag advertising, such as #Accommodativeness in Community, or even specifically create washrags for fans to interact in the Twitter community, much like in the example of Pretty Little Liars. However, all good things aside, the washrag trend also has its downside and using a washrag campaign for promotion purposes can potentially be a risky business. While it is fairly safe to say that a successful washrag campaign has the potential to raise awareness and increase online conversations, it can certainly be hard to predict the outcome. Once the washrag is out there, the marketers have no control over it and the development that the campaign might take is completely in the hands of the social media users. Some brands had to learn this lesson the hard way. When McDonald’s introduced their washrag campaign â€Å"#Mysteries† in 2008, the campaign quickly developed a life of it’s own and the designed washrag was used by Twitter users to tell their negative stories about the fast food chain. My personal favorite example of â€Å"how washrags can go wrong† is the â€Å"#Undersecretaries† washrag campaign which was created to mourn the death of Margaret Thatcher. Instead of reading the washrag â€Å"Undersecretaries† users read it as â€Å"#Undersecretaries† and as result accidentally mourned for the wrong lady. Status updates such as † R. L. P Cheer. At least now we’ll find out about life after love. #Undersecretaries † amused the online community for days, but had very little to do with the actual events. In conclusion it can be said, that the development of the washrag trend within the sat seven years of its first appearance on twitter, clearly demonstrates the importance of collaboration between social networks and the television and film industry in order to successfully market a new film or TV show. The washrag trend has completely transformed the way of advertising in the TV and media landscape and given the audience a much bigger role in the advertising process. Moreover, it gives small companies or independent artists like me an opportunity to market themselves and create an online appearance to raise awareness to their films or handled carefully. In other words, marketers need to think about how washrags can be in cooperated into their media campaigns without losing the control over the narrative. How to cite How the Hashatg trend changes TV, Papers

Out Of The Silent Planet Essay Example For Students

Out Of The Silent Planet Essay Out of the Silent PlanetC.S. Lewis produced a book that conveys vivid scenery, relatable characters, and a vague but detailed plot that gave rise to a novel with wonderful clarity.Out of the Silent Planet is an account of the voyage of Ransom, a linguist, who is kidnapped and taken to another planet, Malacandra (Mars).Where he learns that Thulcandra (Earth) is called the silent planet because there has been no communication from it in years.On the voyage there he is led to believe he will be sacrificed.Instead, the creatures that inhabit the other world reveal extraordinary secrets about the nature of man and the universe to him.Ransom is ultimately sent back to Thulcandra with the two earthlings who had kidnapped him. The book is told in such a way that tries to convince the reader that it actually happened, or at least could have happened, and it was able to convince me.As the character Ransom walked across England the reader felt as if beside him the whole way.When he visited Mars, even with the bizarre scenery it seemed so real. He saw nothing but colours colours that refused to form themselves into things.Moreover, he new nothing yet well enough to see it: you can not see things till you know roughly what they are.His first impression was a bright, pale world a water-coloured world out of a childs paint box.Lewis also has a gift for making strong points in his novel without making the reader feel guilty, because he uses such human characters that are filled with normal and relatable flaws.Even with the main characters name, Ransom he sends a message, because as you read this book, you will see how his name comes to play.This book is very involved and its not a book to be taken lightly. This is a book with a lot of inner meaning. It talks about the dark side of humanity.Filled with comedy, action, suspense and science fiction.But though its not a very long book, it really doesnt need to be. The plot was uncertain at times but overall was detailed enough to present the over all struggle of one mans journey through the cosmos.The transitions from one chapter to the next were very well organized.Through many weeks passes in the book, it seamed to flow into one seamless efficiently written story. The worst thing a reader could say is that they learned nothing from reading.If a person is going to spend time reading, they shouldnt be wasting their time.This is what makes this book so noteworthy.It was entertaining, yet it provided some insights never thought of.This book is well written, thought provoking, and exciting.Some really good food for thought but the plot cleaned up at the end a little too well, ending overly fabricated.Out of the Silent Planet is a sci-fi story with a difference.A criticism on the belief in interplanetary colonization, the title suggests aliens from a possibly hostile planet and yet the planet in the title is Earth.

The Reality Of A Hero - Definition Essay Essays - Fantasy Tropes

the reality of a hero - definition essay jj The Reality of a Hero Heroes are a creation of a society's take on someone to be worshiped and adored. The most common definition of a hero is a man who is given great courage and strength, praised for his good looks, does no wrong and is the object of admiration for every man, woman and child. Heroes have had changing roles since man wrote his story, and all have been the picture of each society and each civilization's ideals. Now a days a child with visions of hoop dreams, is largely affected by basketball superstar, Michael Jordan. He inspires the young depraved ghetto child to rise up against his unfortunate circumstances. Aside from their many important qualities, and their thought to be flawless identities, all heroes possess faults because they are human and all humans fail sometimes. Heroes begin to fold and make mistakes as they are suddenly thrown into the limelight, and their pureness is broken and looked over as the public craves to see the dirt underneath the hero. There are heroes for all ag es, and for both men and women. Although now a days the definition of a hero depends on society's beliefs, laws and their imaginations. Heroes making mistakes are only natural, they are human and all humans possess faults. All human beings are born and die with character traits, which can be, helpful or harmful. People normally have traits ranging from a perfectionist, to the most common, a coward. These traits form the human personality and define the individual's personal nature. The nature of our so called heroes are, as defined before, brave and full of courage, the object of admiration and respect to all. Teen gangs beat, rape and steal all the while embracing courage, bravery and look down on cowards and stupidity. That, sounding a lot like the character traits of the ideal hero, is perceived very differently in the eyes of the public. Bank robbers, rapists and gang members are not at all role models for society yet they carry the same character traits as them. The definition of a hero is not detailed enough to relate to all people in all situations, and is not broad to fulfill every persons imagination. In a f airy tale book a hero is described as a gracious knight who prides himself on his own personal truth, honor, freedom, and courtesy. The author views a hero as one who is without fault, and truly embodies all goodness. Heroes aren't all goodness though, that is just what their definition believes they should be. Public figures, our modern heroes, are living a life of pain as the newspapers praise them and at the same time rip them to shreds. All heroes from across the globe have to deal with it, from Walt Disney to Princess Diana. With all their good deeds and amazing accomplishments, they were never seen as heroes just because it was said or written that they made a few mistakes. It should not matter what errors they made but how they react to them and what they are going to do about it. Of course that is only one opinion, based on a belief that has been influenced by this day and age as all imagination has. Heroes have become more and more the personal idea of an individual. In the fairy tale, the knight and his white hoarse is the common definition of a hero, but he is not the only one. Every individual in our known world has a different definition of a hero, and it is only through that personal understanding that a true hero may surface. Young children grow up in a world where they are placed in front of the television and begin to view the world from a very different perspective compared to the generation before them. Which exposes them to view people with twisted ideals compared to that of their parents. They have different methods of reasoning that lead to the changing roles of heroes within the human race. Heroes like superman are put away and forgotten while Bart Simpson, the trouble maker from the dysfunctional family TV show, is every ten year olds

How Much Do AP Tests Cost

How Much Do AP Tests Cost SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Curious about how much it costs to take an AP Test? Learn here how much your AP exams are going to cost you in 2015-16. We’ll also cover how to get financial aid if you need it. So read on for maximum AP test cost saving! AP Exam Cost for 2015-16 The fee for each AP Exam in 2015-16 is $92. This is a slight increase from the $91 fee in 2014-15. In general, the cost for AP exams tends to rise by a dollar or two each year. If you’re curious about the price for future years, you can expect the fee to rise slightly – maybe up to $93 or $94 in the next year or two. Don’t worry about a massive price jump happening anytime soon. Also, international students take note: the fee for exams at schools outside of the United States, U.S. territories and commonwealths, and Canada is $122 per exam. Since College Board is based in the U.S., it costs extra money to handle international testing. In short, AP exams definitely cost quite a bit! But there is finacial aid available. Read on to learn about College Board's fee reduction program. Can I Get Financial Aid for AP Exams? College Board provides a $30 fee reduction for each exam taken by students with demonstrated financial need. That $30 reduction brings down the total cost to $53 per exam ($30 + a $9 rebate from College Board). How the financial need for the fee reduction is determined depends on your state, and whether your district participates in a program called the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP). We’ll get into the nitty-gritty details below. Basically, the darker blue your state is, the bigger chance there is your district participates in CEP. But as we'll discuss below, the easiest way to find out is to talk to your guidance counselor. Map courtesy of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. The CEP is a program for schools and districts with high percentages of low-income children to provide free breakfast and lunch to all students. If a district already uses CEP, College Board simply allows students who are eligible for CEP to also qualify for AP fee reduction. If your district does not participate in CEP, then College Board uses the eligibility standards for the federal Free and Reduced Lunch program. We’ll go over exactly what those eligibility requirements look like below. If Your School Participates in CEP The guidelines for qualifying for the AP fee reduction in CEP districts are as follows: Either your family’s income is at or below 185 percent of the poverty level issued annually by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or You qualify as an "identified student" because you are: in foster care or Head Start, or homeless or migrant, or living in households that receive SNAP/Food Stamps, TANF cash assistance, or the Food Distribution on Indian Reservations benefits If Your School Doesn’t Participate in CEP For schools and districts that do not participate in CEP, enrollment in or eligibility to participate in the federal Free or Reduced Lunch program can be used to qualify for AP Fee reduction. The qualifiers for free and reduced lunch are pretty much the same as CEP: Your family’s income is at or below 185 percent of the poverty level issued annually by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or You are directly certified without application for free school meals because you are: in foster care or Head Start, or homeless or migrant, or living in households that receive SNAP/Food Stamps, TANF cash assistance, or the Food Distribution on Indian Reservations benefits You can read more about College Board's fee reduction policies to learn more. But what if you don’t meet those criteria? Or you do meet those criteria, but $53 per exam is still too expensive? Some states have additional funding that may be available for AP exams. This could lower that $53 price even more. Find those guidelines here. In addition, your school or district might have its own fee reduction guidelines or programs. So how do you find out exactly how much financial aid you can get for AP? Actionable There are quite a few channels to getting funding for your AP tests, but those channels vary by where you live. You could get money from College Board, from your state, or even from your school. To find out exactly how much financial aid you qualify for, go to your guidance counseling office and ask about AP Exam fees at your school. The guidance counselors can help determine if you qualify for College Board’s fee reduction, and furthermore, they’ll tell you about any additional funding programs your school or state might have. The guidance counseling office should have experience helping students get funding for AP exams, especially if your school has a pretty wide AP course selection. Is $92 Per Exam Worth It? If you’re anything like I was in high school, you may be getting a case of sticker shock right now. $92 per exam is a lot of money! Even if you qualify for College Board’s fee reduction, you could still be paying $53 per exam. So is the price worth it? Well, that depends on if you pass the exam and how your score translates to college credit and/or admissions competitiveness. If you pass an exam that is eligible for college credit at the school you end up attending, the cost can definitely be worth it – that $92 could pay for a course that runs in the hundreds or even thousands of dollars. Some students are even able to enter college as sophomores and save a whole year of tuition based on their AP credit. In for a penny, out for a pound, as the old saying goes. The $92 fee can also be worth it if you get a good score that helps you get into a selective college, even if that school doesn’t take AP credit. For example, I took nine AP classes over the course of high school. While many of them didn’t end up getting me course credit at Stanford, those classes – and the high scores I got on AP tests – certainly strengthened my application. For my family, the money spent on AP exams ended up being worthwhile, especially since I received a generous financial aid package from Stanford. This means you have to make a judgment call for each AP class and test – does the class add a meaningful challenge to your schedule, or are you just piling on AP classes? You're more likely to pass each AP exam you take if your schedule isn't jammed with them. Think carefully about this. As we’ve said before, don’t feel pressure to load up on AP classes just to have them. Only take the classes you are confident you can do well in and/or have strong personal interest for. Finally, the fee is absolutely not worth it if you fail the exam, because you won’t get college credit and that $92 is essentially wasted. Furthermore, a score of 1 or 2 does not look impressive to colleges, even if you get good grades in the AP class (in fact, that may just signal to the colleges the AP classes at your school are too easy). Again, make sure not to overload on AP classes! What’s Next? Learn even more about AP classes: how colleges use AP credit, the hardest and easiest AP classes, and whether the AP program is doing a good job. Also studying for the SAT/ACT? Learn how to develop a target score for the SAT/ACT based on your dream schools. College applications on the brain? Learn everything you need to know about the college essay and watch out for deadlines you can't miss. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

MONEY AND BANKING ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

MONEY AND BANKING - Assignment Example the lending rate or the reserve requirement, which will allow banks to borrow funds at a lower rate from the central bank and also increase their own fund capacity. Banks borrowing at lower rates will pass the benefit to its client, resulting in lower lending rates of bank. If the cash reserve ratio (CRR) falls, the commercial banks will have to keep a lesser amount of reserve in the central bank. Therefore, they will pass the reserve to their customer as loans through a lower lending rate and demand for loan will also be increased, which directly increases the demand for reserve of the commercial banks to their central bank. It implies that there will be a credit growth, i.e. more loans are offered at a low interest rate. The credit expansion will lead to increased borrowing by corporate and retail segments for investment purposes (Mishkin, 2007). Money borrowed by companies will be invested in their business expansion that leads to increased money supply in the economy. The retail segment borrowing also lead to increased money supply as they borrow funds to buy homes, cars, home decor, etc that leverages these sectors to produce more. This results increased growth. Usually interest rate target and money supply are inversely related i.e. if interest rate is lowered, demand for bank reserve will increase and accordingly money supply will rise through lower lending rate of the commercial banks (Gowland, 2013). The above figure represents the effect of interest rate on money supply in an economy. The x axis shows the interest rate and the y axis represents the quantity of money supply. With given level of interest rate of 7% the MS line is the red line which intersects with the money demand line MD. The MD follows the general rule of a demand curve i.e. downward sloping. When the interest rate is reduced to 6%, the MD rises, which pushes the money supply line to a new equilibrium. There is a shift in the MS line from red to

OPEC from a Game Theory perspective Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

OPEC from a Game Theory perspective - Term Paper Example The theory has its rules and game theorist uses them to predict equilibrium outcome. One of the world bodies that utilize game theory in its operation is OPEC. The study focuses to find the extent of game theory in OPEC and the effect of member’s and non member’s states on the strategies in production and market share. OPEC is an intergovernmental group formed by Venezuela, Kuwait and other countries in 1960. The organization aimed to seize the benefit of controlling the supply to maximize revenue of member states. The organization also aimed at stabilizing and bringing agreement in the marketplace of fuel to do good to both consumers and producers. This was a common strategy employed to try and influence the prices of crude oil. The idea of OPEC in the initial stages was to prevent the fall of prices after an all time high that enabled oil producing countries maximize on their utility. OPEC is referred to as a global cartel in the oil producing countries. Classical eco nomist present a condition that monopolist utilize to maximize profit, MC= P (1-1/e) given that P is the price of oil, e is the elasticity of demand and MC represent marginal cost of oil production. Economist hint that oil price are inelastic in the short run, and OPEC can increase above the market price. (Source: Dye 2) Supposing that there are two firms in a cartel, the maximizing price would be where marginal cost 1 = marginal cost 2 = marginal revenue. The maximizing price would be where the two marginal costs meet marginal revenue. OPEC member’s state has a reserve of 79.3% of the world crude oil and was producing 63% of the global oil export in 2009. OPEC does not use market force s for marginal revenue and marginal cost to determine equilibrium price. Free market would result with some countries producing none while others benefiting so much to the extent of controlling production. For example, Saudi Arabia could benefit more than the rest of the country because it has vast oil reserves and therefore it can afford to increase production at a lower price. Therefore, free competitive market is not possible in the oil production industry and it explains the reason behind forming a cartel (Gambits 3). In order to maximize utility, OPEC considered strategies to control production through quotas system. Every nation state produces a certain percentage of production capacity. However, the challenges facing OPEC is on determining the actual or the maximizing quota that each member’s state produces. The solution to these challenges lies on game theory (Gately 1). The OPEC members have a duty to have the same opinion on a strategy to restrict output such that prices are prolonged at a high level. Nevertheless, some scholars like Friedman argued that Arab countries cartel on oil production would collapse because high prices of petroleum are not sustainable even if the output is put to zero. OPEC, unlike other bodies, is exceptional. The decisions agr eed upon are of decisive to every member and failure to adhere has dire consequences. This strength of OPEC has ensured the sustainability of world prices today and will sustain even in the future. According to Osborne cartels faces inherent problem of cheating, and determining quotas and it is wrong to classify them as stable. Gately (3) says that the OPEC as a cartel is maintained at Nash equilibrium. At Nash equilibrium, every country

Managerial Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managerial Finance - Essay Example Managerial accounting is in general used by the management team of the company for translating the trends and signals available from the financial information. Different levels of managers often use this information in a somewhat different manner in their own wisdom. The information is often used for Break even analysis, Measuring and evaluating the monthly, quarterly or annual performances or Preparing the targets for production and services.Managerial accounting is in general used by the management team for translating the trends and signals available from the financial information. Different levels of managers often use this information in a somewhat different manner in their own wisdom. The information is often used for Break even analysis, Measuring and evaluating the monthly, quarterly or annual performances or Preparing the targets for production and services.Financial This type of accounting gives an idea to people from outside the company as well as stakeholders from within the company to arrive at a decision regarding their decision to continue with the company or look for a better opportunity. Financial accounting provides information like;ï‚ § Profit and loss figures for the company over a financial year or select period of timeï‚ § Reserves and surpluses being maintained by the companyï‚ § Dividend payouts by the company in the recent pastï‚ § Nature of funding for the company e.g. debt or equityï‚ § Proportion of dependence on finances from outside the company’s own reservesï‚ § Number of stakeholders in the business.... Financial Accounting: This type of accounting gives an idea to people from outside the company as well as stakeholders from within the company to arrive at a decision regarding their decision to continue with the company or look for a better opportunity. Financial accounting provides information like; Profit and loss figures for the company over a financial year or select period of time Reserves and surpluses being maintained by the company Dividend payouts by the company in the recent past Nature of funding for the company e.g. debt or equity Proportion of dependence on finances from outside the company's own reserves Number of stakeholders in the business Operating ratios for assessing the financial health of the company Adherence to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) Number and types of external reports generated Judicious plans of the company for disbursing the profits Such information helps investors in looking for long-term or short-term targets for the investments being done in the ABX Company. It is worthwhile here to mention that individual shareholders, banking and financial institutions keep watch on the figures being communicated by the company from time to time. While on the one hand for an individual investor the dividend payouts and the price of the share in the stock market holds the key, the banking and financial institutions keep a close watch on a range of figures like operating ratios, profit margins, PE ratios etc. Therefore, even the dividend payouts and higher prices of company's share on the stock exchanges may not be attractive enough for the banks and financial institutions to advance finances for expansion and diversification. The financial accountant helps in preparing all such reports for the outside to

Semantics And The Structure Of Sentence

Semantics And The Structure Of Sentence Semantics is the study of meaning. It typically focuses on the relation between signifiers, such as words, phrases, signs and symbols, and what they stand for. Linguistic semantics is the study of meanings that humans use language to express. Other forms of semantics include the semantics of programming languages, formal logics, and semiotics. The word semantics itself denotes a range of ideas, from the popular to the highly technical. It is often used in ordinary language to denote a problem of understanding that comes down to word selection or connotation. This problem of understanding has been the subject of many formal inquiries, over a long period of time, most notably in the field of formal semantics. In linguistics, it is the study of interpretation of signs or symbols as used by agents or communities within particular circumstances and contexts. Within this view, sounds, facial expressions, body language, proxemics has semantic (meaningful) content, and each has several branches of study. In written language, such things as paragraph structure and punctuation have semantic content; in other forms of language, there is other semantic content. The formal study of semantics intersects with many other fields of inquiry, including lexicology, syntax, pragmatics, etymology and others, although semantics is a well-defined field in its own right, often with synthetic properties. In philosophy of language, semantics and reference are related fields. Further related fields include philology, communication, and semiotics. The formal study of semantics is therefore complex. Semantics contrasts with syntax, the study of the combinatory of units of a language (without reference to their meaning), and pragmatics, the study of the relationships between the symbols of a language, their meaning, and the users of the language. In international scientific vocabulary semantics is also called semasiology. LEXICAL CONCEPTUAL SEMANTICS This theory is an effort to explain properties of argument structure. The assumption behind this theory is that syntactic properties of phrases reflect the meanings of the words that head them. With this theory, linguists can better deal with the fact that subtle differences in word meaning correlate with other differences in the syntactic structure that the word appears in. The way this is gone about is by looking at the internal structure of words. These small parts that make up the internal structure of words are referred to as semantic primitives. LEXICAL SEMANTICS A linguistic theory that investigates word meaning. This theory understands that the meaning of a word is fully reflected by its context. Here, the meaning of a word is constituted by its contextual relations. Therefore, a distinction between degrees of participation as well as modes of participation are made. In order to accomplish this distinction any part of a sentence that bears a meaning and combines with the meanings of other constituents is labeled as a semantic constituent. Semantic constituents that can not be broken down into more elementary constituents are labeled a minimal semantic constituent. COMPUTATIONAL SEMANTICS Computational Semantics is focused on the processing of linguistic meaning. In order to do this concrete algorithms and architectures are described. Within this framework the algorithms and architectures are also analyzed in terms of decidability, time/space complexity, data structures which they require and communication protocols. Many companies use semantic technologies to create commercial value. The fundamental point is that you cannot create much value from content that you do not understand. Once you understand, then you can interrogate more effectively, create explicit relationships between content around topics and issues, inform contextual advertising and product placement, and build a standard method of sharing structured data between publishers. Halliday (1987) describes some syntactic and semantic differences between the spoken and written modes of communication. Hoey (1986), Van Valin (1984) and Winter (1977) describe the syntax and semantics of clause connection, focusing largely on several English registers According to the traditional grammar, sentences consist of words, but not every string of word constitutes a sentence as we can see in the following example: Lion cage this less in dangerous is the. A possible analysis is that if we look at this example we know the meaning of the individual words, but the sequence as a whole does not make sense, so we cannot consider this structure a sentence. Thus, we can affirm that if a sequence of words is to constitute a sentence, it must he meaningful, for instance: The lion is less dangerous in this cage. The network of relations between the words of a sentence is called its structure. There are many different aspects that influence the structure of a sentence. A very important one is word order. The different order of the words in a sentence can bring by a difference in its meaning, as in the following example: Did he say who he was?= Who did he say he was? But a difference in word order does not always imply a difference in meaning. Sometimes it simply entails a difference in emphasis: John ran away //A way ran John . In relation with the words, the structure of the sentence also depends on the individual meaning of the words or word-groups making up the sentence; in the following example the difference of structure is not due to word order but to the relationship between the words: Peter was waiting for seven friends. //Peter was waiting for seven minutes. Then this kind of Grammar deals with the concept of Ambiguous sentences and explains that the structure of sentences is not always unambiguously derivable from overt marks like word order, lexical items etc Sometimes we come across sentences to which more than one structure can he assigned, having therefore, more than one meaning. This type of sentence receives the name of Ambiguous Sentence, as in the following examples: George likes Susan more than Joan // Visiting relatives can be boring. Only through the context in which these sentences may appear can we know which of the two possible meanings is intended. According to the Transformational Grammar, it deals with the idea that a sentence has a syntactic structure, and it follows this term in order to develop its theory. The first important point deals with the idea that the evidence for claiming that sentences have a syntactic structure in language comes from the native speakers intuition about the structure of sentences in his language. These structural intuitions which native speakers have about the Syntax of their languages are two types: 1. The constituents: intuitions about how sound-sequences in sentences are structured into larger structural units. 2. Categories: intuitions about whether structural units belong to the same category or not. So, the following example is going to illustrate this fact: To analyze the concept of sentence we can do the following analysis: words are grouped into lower constituents. For example à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"incredibly modifies intelligentà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ , so the sequence [incredibly intelligent] is a phrasal constituent of the sentence. Also, following the analysis, this modifies pupil, so the sequence [that pupil] forms a single structural unit, a constituent of the sentence. The same happens in the sequence [that teacher]. But furthermore also the sequence [to that teacher] is another constituent. To the transformational grammar, the phrases [incredibly intelligent] and [to that teacher] both modify seemà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ , then the whole sequence [seem incredibly intelligent to that teacher] is also a constituent. Thus, all this information can he represented as we see before in diagrammatic form, that is a tree diagram. Each point in the tree is called a node, and each node represents a constituent. But, however, since nodes are predictable, later they were suppressed in subsequent tree-diagrams. But a tree-diagram does not provide any representation of our intuitions about which constituents are constituents of the same type. The traditional way of describing the similarities and differences between constituents is to say that they belong to categories of various types. And the same happens with the phrases. Finally, to this type of grammar, the whole sequence [that pupil must seem incredibly intelligent to that teacher] is a special type of constituent traditionally termed a clause or sentence. 3. Conventions to Be used in the analysis of a sentence, the constituents aNd its levels Every sentence can he analysed at four distinct form levels: the word-level, the phrase-level, the clause-level and the sentence- level. And this is called the rank scale. Later, after the explanation of the constituents of a sentence we will see the different levels and how they can he analysed following the same example. Thus, a diagram as this provides a visual presentation of the categorial constituent structure of the sentence. It shows us how sentence is structured out of its constituent phrases, and how each of the phrases is structured out of its component words, and also it provides a visual presentation of the phrase structure of sentence. The type of labelled tree- diagram used here is referred to as a Phrase-marker (P-marker) because it marks the hierarchical grouping of words into phrases, and phrases into sentences. Another method of visual display used in the linguistic literature is to make use of labelled bracketing. Within this system, we could represent the categorial status of the words in the structure mentioned before as in the following example: [D This] [N pupil] [M must] [V seem] [Adv incredibly] [A intelligent] [P to] [D that] [N teacher] We could use this system of labelled bracketing to represent the fact that [this pupil] and [that teacher] are noun phrases, that [to that teacher] is a prepositional phrase. That [incredibly intelligent] is an adjective phrase, that [seem incredibly intelligent to that teacher] is a verb phrase, and that [this pupil must seem incredibly intelligent to that teacher] is an S = clause. As follows: [S [NP [D this] [N pupil]] [M must] [VP [V seem] [AP [ADV incredibly][A intelligent]] [PP [P to][NP [D that] [N teacher] ] ] ] ] Then the two diagrams represented here contain the same information. Many linguists prefer tree-diagrams as a form of visual representation of syntactic structure because they are easier to read, and the reason for that is that the information they contain is less condensed. Thus, diagrams like these provide a virtually complete representation of the syntactic structure of the sentence. Also we can find partial tree-diagrams or partial labeled bracketing: for instance if we take the sentence mentioned before, we can see that it contains three major constituents: CONCLUSION According to grammarians, it can be said that there is a hierarchical order. That is to say, sounds are the constituents of words, words are the constituents of the phrases and phrases are the constituents of sentences or clauses. Then as a conclusion to this point, we can say that sentences are not just unstructured sequence of sounds; rather they have a hierarchical constituent structure in which sounds are grouped together into words, words into phrases, and phrases into sentences. On the other hand, it is important to point out the main features of the different categories although they have not been explained in this assignment. That is to say, when we talk about sentences, it is absolutely necessary to know the features of the categories as constituents of the own sentence. In a nutshell, it can be said that Radfords book, Ouhalla ´s work and the linguistics dictionaries are a useful guide for the student in the sense that they make easier the comprehension of grammar. It is due to the fact that they give us (as students) clear information by using simple examples.

Packaging Technology in Fitzhugh’s The Organ Grinders :: Environment Environmental Pollution Preservation

Packaging Technology in Fitzhugh’s The Organ Grinders Once upon a time, people had to go to a public market and buy fresh food everyday. If the food wasn’t used that day or the next, it would spoil and would be wasted. Today, with the help of packaging, food can be stored for weeks, months and sometimes even years before it has to be used. Because of packaging, food is cleaner and can be kept longer, many things can be purchased more conveniently, and life as a whole is easier. Like nearly everything else ever invented, packaging and disposable goods are not without their negative aspects as well. Americans throw out more than 180 million tons of garbage each year (Fitzhugh 93). On the website for the company Tetra Pak, which is a packaging company that deals mostly in liquid food products, they list four major benefits to packaging: protection, preservation, communication, and convenience (Tetra Pak). The first two reasons are obvious. Packaging provides a sealed safe place for food, away from water, air, and other things that could potentially damage it or cause it to be ruined. The product is also preserved by the packaging. The package can keep the food or item usable for a much longer time then if it did not have the packaging around it. Once of the best examples of this is with canned goods. Canning food allows it to be kept for an incredibly long time, whereas fresh goods must be used up quickly, before they expire. TetraPak.com lists communication as their third benefit of packaging. Packages can contain a lot of information about the product itself. For food items, they list the ingredients on the package, along with other information, like th e amount that the package contains, and possible warnings. Packages can also draw the consumer to the good and increase the merchant’s sales. Lastly, packages offer convenience. It is no longer necessary to go to the market every day to buy fresh produce. Customers can now buy their food and store it in its packages for quite a long time. The website also states that packages help keep messy foods and things off of our hands and simply makes things easier for the consumer (Tetra Pak). With all of these benefits, it is no wonder why nearly every product comes in a package of some kind.